Izinto ezibonakalayo：25904
Njengoko sazi sonke, xa sithelekisa indawo enye, imveliso esetyhula kunye nemveliso yesikwere enobubanzi obufanayo okanye ubude basecaleni buya kuba nokusetyenziswa kwendawo eyahlukileyo. Ngokubanzi, izikwere zivumela ukusetyenziswa okufanelekileyo kwendawo, oko kuthetha ukuba zinikezela ngenqanaba eliphezulu lokusetyenziswa kwendawo esebenzayo. Ke, kutheni sisasebenzisa ii-wafers ezijikelezileyo endaweni yezikwere? Izikwere DIE ezibekwe kwisetyhula ye-WAFER ngokungaphephekiyo zikhokelela kwisithuba esichithekileyo. Kwihlabathi lanamhlanje, apho inzuzo kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kulandelwa kakhulu, olu qwalaselo luyaqhubeka nokusetyenziswa. Kwenza umntu azibuze: Yintoni malunga nesangqa esivumela ukuba siphawule phakathi kweempawu ezahlukeneyo?
Impendulo ilele kwinkqubo yemveliso ye-silicon wafers. I-Silicon wafers ziyacocwa, inyibilikisiwe kusetyenziswa indlela yokutsala yekristale enye (ekwabizwa ngokuba yinkqubo yeCzochralski), emva koko yasikwa yaba ziziqwenga ezincinci. Inkqubo yokutsala ejikelezayo esetyenziswe kule nkqubo imisela ubume be-cylindrical ye-ingot, nayo, iyalela ukuba ii-wafers zityhula.
Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ujonge ngokusondeleyo, uya kuqaphela ukuba ii-wafers azijikelezi ngokugqibeleleyo. Zihlala zibonisa ii-grooves ezithe tyaba okanye ii-V ezimile okwe-V. Ezi zinto zisebenza ngenjongo ebalulekileyo: banceda ekuchongeni ukuqhelaniswa kwe-wafer ngexesha lenkqubo yokuvelisa elandelayo. Ukongeza, la manqaku aphawula ulwakhiwo lwe-metalographic yokukhula kwekristale enye, ukunceda kwiinkqubo ezichanekileyo zokusika kunye nokuvavanya. Okubangel ’ umdla kukuba, uninzi lwezinto ezisuswe ngeli nyathelo zivela kwimiphetho, enokubonwa njengendlela yokusetyenziswa kwakhona.
Ngoku, makwazise izixhobo ezimbini ezibalulekileyo kwimveliso ye-semiconductor:IiKhabhinethi zomilaKwayeIiKhabhinethi ze-N2. Ezi zisombululo zokugcina ezikhethekileyo zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekugcineni umgangatho kunye nokuthembeka kwee-wafers ngexesha lemveliso kunye nokugcinwa. IiKhabhinethi ezomileyo zibonelela ngeendawo zokufuma okuphantsi kuthintela ungcoliseko lokufuma, ngelixa iiKhabhinethi ze-N2 zisebenzisa igesi ye-nitrogen ukwenza umoya we-inert, ukukhusela izixhobo ezibuthathaka kwi-oxidation kunye nezinye iindlela zokonakala. Kunye, ezi khabinethi ziqinisekisa ukuba ii-wafers ezenziwe ngononophelo zihlala zikwimeko enobunzima kulo lonke uhambo lwazo ukusuka ekuyileni ukuya kwindibano yokugqibela. ngokuqinisekileyo.
Isishwankathelo, ukhetho lwee-wafers ezijikelezayo ngaphezulu kwesikwere kugxilwe nzulu kwi-physics nakubunjineli benkqubo yokuvelisa. Ngelixa kunokubakho ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwendawo, iinzuzo zesetyhula zewafers-idityaniswe nezisombululo eziphambili ezifana nezinkeIiKhabhinethi zomilaKwayeIiKhabhinethi ze-N2-Benze ukhetho olufanelekileyo lokufezekisa iimveliso zesemiconductor ezikumgangatho ophezulu. Olu balingani lwesiko kunye nentsha yeyona nto igcina i-wafer esetyhula phambili kwitekhnoloji yanamhlanje.
